hamlab/internal/tlsauto/tlsauto.go

// Package tlsauto makes a self-signed certificate for a node so hub↔node traffic is
// encrypted without any CA. The hub pins the certificate's fingerprint.
package tlsauto

import (
	"crypto/ecdsa"
	"crypto/elliptic"
	"crypto/rand"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"crypto/tls"
	"crypto/x509"
	"crypto/x509/pkix"
	"encoding/hex"
	"encoding/pem"
	"errors"
	"math/big"
	"net"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

// Fingerprint formats a certificate's SHA-256 the way the UI shows it.
func Fingerprint(der []byte) string {
	sum := sha256.Sum256(der)
	h := hex.EncodeToString(sum[:])
	var b strings.Builder
	for i := 0; i < len(h); i += 2 {
		if i > 0 {
			b.WriteByte(':')
		}
		b.WriteString(strings.ToUpper(h[i : i+2]))
	}
	return b.String()
}

// Ensure returns the cert/key paths and fingerprint, generating them on first use.
func Ensure(dir string) (certPath, keyPath, fingerprint string, err error) {
	certPath, keyPath = filepath.Join(dir, "cert.pem"), filepath.Join(dir, "key.pem")
	if _, err := os.Stat(certPath); err == nil {
		if _, err := os.Stat(keyPath); err == nil {
			c, err := tls.LoadX509KeyPair(certPath, keyPath)
			if err == nil && len(c.Certificate) > 0 {
				return certPath, keyPath, Fingerprint(c.Certificate[0]), nil
			}
		}
	}
	priv, err := ecdsa.GenerateKey(elliptic.P256(), rand.Reader)
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", "", err
	}
	serial, err := rand.Int(rand.Reader, new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 127))
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", "", err
	}
	host, _ := os.Hostname()
	tmpl := &x509.Certificate{
		SerialNumber:          serial,
		Subject:               pkix.Name{CommonName: "hamlab@" + host, Organization: []string{"Ham Lab"}},
		NotBefore:             time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		NotAfter:              time.Now().AddDate(10, 0, 0),
		KeyUsage:              x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature | x509.KeyUsageKeyEncipherment,
		ExtKeyUsage:           []x509.ExtKeyUsage{x509.ExtKeyUsageServerAuth},
		BasicConstraintsValid: true,
		DNSNames:              []string{host, "localhost"},
		IPAddresses:           []net.IP{net.ParseIP("127.0.0.1")},
	}
	if addrs, err := net.InterfaceAddrs(); err == nil {
		for _, a := range addrs {
			if ipn, ok := a.(*net.IPNet); ok && !ipn.IP.IsLoopback() && ipn.IP.To4() != nil {
				tmpl.IPAddresses = append(tmpl.IPAddresses, ipn.IP)
			}
		}
	}
	der, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, tmpl, tmpl, &priv.PublicKey, priv)
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", "", err
	}
	keyDER, err := x509.MarshalECPrivateKey(priv)
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", "", err
	}
	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o700); err != nil {
		return "", "", "", err
	}
	if err := os.WriteFile(certPath, pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: der}), 0o644); err != nil {
		return "", "", "", err
	}
	if err := os.WriteFile(keyPath, pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{Type: "EC PRIVATE KEY", Bytes: keyDER}), 0o600); err != nil {
		return "", "", "", err
	}
	return certPath, keyPath, Fingerprint(der), nil
}

// PinnedConfig returns a client TLS config that accepts exactly one certificate.
func PinnedConfig(fingerprint string) *tls.Config {
	return &tls.Config{
		InsecureSkipVerify: true, // we verify by fingerprint below, not by CA
		VerifyPeerCertificate: func(raw [][]byte, _ [][]*x509.Certificate) error {
			if len(raw) == 0 {
				return errors.New("no certificate presented")
			}
			if Fingerprint(raw[0]) != fingerprint {
				return errors.New("certificate fingerprint changed: " + Fingerprint(raw[0]))
			}
			return nil
		},
	}
}

// Peek connects and returns the fingerprint the server presents (trust on first use).
func Peek(addr string) (string, error) {
	d := &net.Dialer{Timeout: 5 * time.Second}
	conn, err := tls.DialWithDialer(d, "tcp", addr, &tls.Config{InsecureSkipVerify: true})
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	defer conn.Close()
	certs := conn.ConnectionState().PeerCertificates
	if len(certs) == 0 {
		return "", errors.New("no certificate presented")
	}
	return Fingerprint(certs[0].Raw), nil
}